Endovascular and medical management strategies for carotid-cavernous fistulas: A safety and efficacy analysis.

Justin E VranicRobert W RegenhardtAmine AwadOmer DoronJames Rabinov

Published in: Interventional neuroradiology : journal of peritherapeutic neuroradiology, surgical procedures and related neurosciences (2024)

In selected CCF patients without high-risk symptoms or angiographic features, conservative observation is a safe and effective alternative to endovascular embolization. High-risk symptoms and angiographic features favor endovascular intervention. Complications were rare, and most were transient, emphasizing the safety of endovascular management. Longitudinal angiographic and ophthalmologic surveillance is essential for monitoring fistula persistence or recurrence.

Keyphrases

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