Exploring the acute effects of running on cerebral blood flow and food cue reactivity in healthy young men using functional magnetic resonance imaging.
Alice E ThackrayElanor C. HintonTurki M AlanaziAbdulrahman M DeraKyoko FujiharaJulian P H ShieldJames A KingFiona E LithanderMasashi MiyashitaJulie ThompsonPaul S MorganMelanie J DaviesDavid John StenselPublished in: Human brain mapping (2023)
Acute exercise suppresses appetite and alters food-cue reactivity, but the extent exercise-induced changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) influences the blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal during appetite-related paradigms is not known. This study examined the impact of acute running on visual food-cue reactivity and explored whether such responses are influenced by CBF variability. In a randomised crossover design, 23 men (mean ± SD: 24 ± 4 years, 22.9 ± 2.1 kg/m 2 ) completed fMRI scans before and after 60 min of running (68% ± 3% peak oxygen uptake) or rest (control). Five-minute pseudo-continuous arterial spin labelling fMRI scans were conducted for CBF assessment before and at four consecutive repeat acquisitions after exercise/rest. BOLD-fMRI was acquired during a food-cue reactivity task before and 28 min after exercise/rest. Food-cue reactivity analysis was performed with and without CBF adjustment. Subjective appetite ratings were assessed before, during and after exercise/rest. Exercise CBF was higher in grey matter, the posterior insula and in the region of the amygdala/hippocampus, and lower in the medial orbitofrontal cortex and dorsal striatum than control (main effect trial p ≤ .018). No time-by-trial interactions for CBF were identified (p ≥ .087). Exercise induced moderate-to-large reductions in subjective appetite ratings (Cohen's d = 0.53-0.84; p ≤ .024) and increased food-cue reactivity in the paracingulate gyrus, hippocampus, precuneous cortex, frontal pole and posterior cingulate gyrus. Accounting for CBF variability did not markedly alter detection of exercise-induced BOLD signal changes. Acute running evoked overall changes in CBF that were not time dependent and increased food-cue reactivity in regions implicated in attention, anticipation of reward, and episodic memory independent of CBF.
Keyphrases
- functional connectivity
- high intensity
- resting state
- liver failure
- cerebral blood flow
- physical activity
- magnetic resonance imaging
- resistance training
- human health
- clinical trial
- computed tomography
- working memory
- weight loss
- drug induced
- study protocol
- aortic dissection
- middle aged
- randomized controlled trial
- open label
- body composition
- contrast enhanced
- hepatitis b virus
- white matter
- cognitive impairment
- magnetic resonance
- molecular dynamics
- multiple sclerosis
- ionic liquid
- quantum dots