Navigating Lymphomas through BCR Signaling and Double-Hit Insights: Overview.
Antonella ArgentieroAlessandro AndrianoDonatello MarzilianoVanessa DesantisPublished in: Hematology reports (2024)
Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) are a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders originating from B, T, or NK lymphocytes. They represent approximately 4-5% of new cancer cases and are classified according to the revised WHO system based on cell lineage, morphology, immunophenotype, and genetics. Diagnosis requires adequate biopsy material, though integrated approaches are used for leukemic presentations. Molecular profiling is improving classification and identifying prognostic markers. Indolent NHLs, such as follicular lymphoma and marginal zone lymphoma, typically pursue a non-aggressive clinical course with long survival. Aggressive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype. Recent studies have elucidated pathogenic mechanisms like MYC translocations and BCR pathway mutations. "Double hit" lymphomas with MYC and BCL2/BCL6 alterations confer a poor prognosis. Treatment approaches are evolving, with chemoimmunotherapy remaining standard for many indolent cases while intensified regimens and targeted agents show promise for refractory or high-risk aggressive disease. Continued elucidation of the genetic and microenvironmental underpinnings of lymphomagenesis is critical for developing personalized therapeutic strategies.
Keyphrases
- diffuse large b cell lymphoma
- poor prognosis
- epstein barr virus
- single cell
- long non coding rna
- acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- hodgkin lymphoma
- tyrosine kinase
- chronic myeloid leukemia
- transcription factor
- papillary thyroid
- machine learning
- deep learning
- acute myeloid leukemia
- cell therapy
- squamous cell
- cancer therapy
- gene expression
- stem cells
- ultrasound guided
- drug delivery
- squamous cell carcinoma
- peripheral blood
- dna methylation
- single molecule
- big data
- free survival
- bone marrow
- fine needle aspiration