Echinococcus multilocularis vesicular fluid induces the expression of immune checkpoint proteins in vitro.
Anne-Pauline BellangeSandra CourquetJean-René PallandreYann GodetLaurence MillonPublished in: Parasite immunology (2020)
These preliminary data suggest that immune checkpoints could be a way for E. multilocularis to modulate the host immune response during alveolar echinococcosis.