Bridging the molecular divide: alcohol-induced downregulation of PAX9 and tumour development.

The pathogenesis of oro-oesophaeal squamous cell carcinoma is causally linked to the consumption of alcohol. Beyond the carcinogenic effects of ethanol and its metabolites via DNA damage, the precise mechanisms by which alcohol drives tumourigenesis remain to be fully elucidated. A novel contributor now revealed is aberrant differentiation and proliferation mediated by suppression of PAX9, a key regulator of normal squamous maturation in oro-oesophageal tissues. Copyright © 2018 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.