Targeting endoplasmic reticulum stress signaling in ovarian cancer therapy.
Tianqing YanXiaolu MaLin GuoRen-Quan LuPublished in: Cancer biology & medicine (2023)
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER), an organelle present in various eukaryotic cells, is responsible for intracellular protein synthesis, post-translational modification, and folding and transport, as well as the regulation of lipid and steroid metabolism and Ca 2+ homeostasis. Hypoxia, nutrient deficiency, and a low pH tumor microenvironment lead to the accumulation of misfolded or unfolded proteins in the ER, thus activating ER stress (ERS) and the unfolded protein response, and resulting in either restoration of cellular homeostasis or cell death. ERS plays a crucial role in cancer oncogenesis, progression, and response to therapies. This article reviews current studies relating ERS to ovarian cancer, the most lethal gynecologic malignancy among women globally, and discusses pharmacological agents and possible targets for therapeutic intervention.
Keyphrases
- endoplasmic reticulum
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- induced apoptosis
- cell death
- signaling pathway
- cell cycle arrest
- randomized controlled trial
- papillary thyroid
- polycystic ovary syndrome
- oxidative stress
- squamous cell
- single molecule
- pregnancy outcomes
- protein protein
- binding protein
- case control
- molecular dynamics simulations
- replacement therapy
- squamous cell carcinoma
- cancer therapy
- pregnant women
- type diabetes
- stem cells
- adipose tissue
- metabolic syndrome
- bone marrow
- cell therapy
- mesenchymal stem cells
- protein kinase