Risk factors, temporal dependence, and seasonality of human ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae colonisation in Malawi: a longitudinal model-based approach.

We describe different risks for colonisation with different enteric bacterial species. Our findings suggest interventions to reduce transmission targeted at the household-level need to focus on improving WASH infrastructure and associated behaviours, whilst at the community level they should focus on both environmental hygiene and antibiotic stewardship.