TRPA1 Expression and Pathophysiology in Immune Cells.
Robbe NaertAlejandro López-RequenaKarel TalaveraPublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2021)
The non-selective cation channel TRPA1 is best known as a broadly-tuned sensor expressed in nociceptive neurons, where it plays key functions in chemo-, thermo-, and mechano-sensing. However, in this review we illustrate how this channel is expressed also in cells of the immune system. TRPA1 has been detected, mainly with biochemical techniques, in eosinophils, mast cells, macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells, and B cells, but not in neutrophils. Functional measurements, in contrast, remain very scarce. No studies have been reported in basophils and NK cells. TRPA1 in immune cells has been linked to arthritis (neutrophils), anaphylaxis and atopic dermatitis (mast cells), atherosclerosis, renal injury, cardiac hypertrophy and inflammatory bowel disease (macrophages), and colitis (T cells). The contribution of TRPA1 to immunity is dual: as detector of cell stress, tissue injury, and exogenous noxious stimuli it leads to defensive responses, but in conditions of aberrant regulation it contributes to the exacerbation of inflammatory conditions. Future studies should aim at characterizing the functional properties of TRPA1 in immune cells, an essential step in understanding its roles in inflammation and its potential as therapeutic target.
Keyphrases
- dendritic cells
- oxidative stress
- atopic dermatitis
- induced apoptosis
- nk cells
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- poor prognosis
- spinal cord
- rheumatoid arthritis
- cardiovascular disease
- magnetic resonance
- immune response
- single cell
- photodynamic therapy
- intensive care unit
- computed tomography
- squamous cell carcinoma
- type diabetes
- magnetic resonance imaging
- ionic liquid
- regulatory t cells
- case control
- cell cycle arrest
- neuropathic pain
- cell death
- ulcerative colitis
- stress induced
- rectal cancer
- locally advanced
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- image quality