Demographic and clinical characteristics associated with variations in antibody response to BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccination among healthcare workers at an academic medical centre: a longitudinal cohort analysis.
Joseph E EbingerSandy JoungYunxian LiuMin WuBrittany WeberBrian ClaggettPatrick G BottingNancy SunMatthew DriverYu Hung KaoBriana KhuuTimothy WynterTrevor-Trung NguyenMona AlotaibiJohn C ProstkoEdwin C FriasJames L StewartHelen S GoodridgePeter ChenStanley C JordanMohit JainSonia SharmaJustyna Fert-BoberJennifer E Van EykMargo B MinissianMoshe ArditiGil Y MelmedJonathan G BraunDermot P B McGovernJoseph E EbingerKimia SobhaniPublished in: BMJ open (2022)
While the IgG-S antibody response remains in the positive range for up to 10 months following initial mRNA vaccination in most adults, determinants of sustained higher antibody levels include prior SARS-CoV-2 infection, female sex, younger age and absence of hypertension. Certain determinants of the longitudinal antibody response appear significantly modified by prior infection status. These findings offer insights regarding factors that may influence the 'hybrid' immunity conferred by natural infection combined with vaccination.