A narrative systematic review of randomised controlled trials that compare cannulation techniques for haemodialysis.
Catherine Ann FieldingAmanda HadfieldKelly WhiteDan WatersCathryn JamesHeather BuchananRichard J FluckNicholas M SelbyPublished in: The journal of vascular access (2021)
Current evidence does not allow definitive conclusions as to whether buttonhole or rope ladder needling technique is superior. Future RCTs should describe interventions and comparators with adequate detail, embed process evaluation, use standardised outcome measures and build on feasibility studies to produce definitive results.