Single-Cell RNAseq Profiling of Human γδ T Lymphocytes in Virus-Related Cancers and COVID-19 Disease.
Juan Pablo CerapioMarion PerrierFrederic PontMarie TosoliniCamille LaurentStéphane BertaniJean-Jacques FourniePublished in: Viruses (2021)
The detailed characterization of human γδ T lymphocyte differentiation at the single-cell transcriptomic (scRNAseq) level in tumors and patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) requires both a reference differentiation trajectory of γδ T cells and a robust mapping method for additional γδ T lymphocytes. Here, we incepted such a method to characterize thousands of γδ T lymphocytes from (n = 95) patients with cancer or adult and pediatric COVID-19 disease. We found that cancer patients with human papillomavirus-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and Epstein-Barr virus-positive Hodgkin's lymphoma have γδ tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes that are more prone to recirculate from the tumor and avoid exhaustion. In COVID-19, both TCRVγ9 and TCRVγnon9 subsets of γδ T lymphocytes relocalize from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to the infected lung tissue, where their advanced differentiation, tissue residency, and exhaustion reflect T cell activation. Although severe COVID-19 disease increases both recruitment and exhaustion of γδ T lymphocytes in infected lung lesions but not blood, the anti-IL6R therapy with Tocilizumab promotes γδ T lymphocyte differentiation in patients with COVID-19. PBMC from pediatric patients with acute COVID-19 disease display similar γδ T cell lymphopenia to that seen in adult patients. However, blood γδ T cells from children with the COVID-19-related multisystem inflammatory syndrome are not lymphodepleted, but they are differentiated as in healthy PBMC. These findings suggest that some virus-induced memory γδ T lymphocytes durably persist in the blood of adults and could subsequently infiltrate and recirculate in tumors.
Keyphrases
- coronavirus disease
- sars cov
- single cell
- epstein barr virus
- respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- endothelial cells
- diffuse large b cell lymphoma
- rna seq
- rheumatoid arthritis
- high throughput
- peripheral blood
- squamous cell carcinoma
- oxidative stress
- mesenchymal stem cells
- early onset
- high resolution
- mass spectrometry
- pluripotent stem cells
- hodgkin lymphoma
- disease activity
- induced pluripotent stem cells