CRISPR/CAS as a Powerful Tool for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Cure: A Review.
Shirley Vasconcelos KomninakisWilson DominguesS S SanabaniVictor Ângelo FolgosiIgor Neves BarbosaJorge Simão do Rosário CassebPublished in: AIDS research and human retroviruses (2024)
Despite care and the availability of effective antiretroviral treatment, some human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals suffer from neurocognitive disorders associated with HIV (HAND) that significantly affect their quality of life. The different types of HAND can be divided into asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment, mild neurocognitive disorder, and the most severe form known as HIV-associated dementia. Little is known about the mechanisms of HAND, but it is thought to be related to infection of astrocytes, microglial cells, and macrophages in the human brain. The formation of a viral reservoir that lies dormant as a provirus in resting CD4 + T lymphocytes and in refuge tissues such as the brain contributes significantly to HIV eradication. In recent years, a new set of tools have emerged: the gene editing based on the clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 system, which can alter genome segments by insertion, deletion, and replacement and has great therapeutic potential. This technology has been used in research to treat HIV and appears to offer hope for a possible cure for HIV infection and perhaps prevention of HAND. This approach has the potential to directly impact the quality of life of HIV-infected individuals, which is a very important topic to be known and discussed.
Keyphrases
- human immunodeficiency virus
- antiretroviral therapy
- hiv infected
- hiv positive
- hiv infected patients
- crispr cas
- hiv aids
- hepatitis c virus
- genome editing
- bipolar disorder
- healthcare
- palliative care
- hiv testing
- gene expression
- south africa
- heart rate
- spinal cord injury
- blood pressure
- men who have sex with men
- early onset
- brain injury
- heart rate variability
- subarachnoid hemorrhage
- climate change
- cell cycle arrest
- oxidative stress
- chronic pain
- resting state
- signaling pathway