Radiofrequency catheter ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation by pulmonary vein isolation with or without left atrial posterior wall isolation: long-term outcomes of the CAPLA trial.

In patients with persistent AF, the addition of PWI to PVI alone at index RF catheter ablation did not significantly improve freedom from atrial arrhythmia recurrence at long-term follow-up. Median AF burden remains low and AF quality of life high at 3 years with either ablation strategy.