Protective Effects of Silymarin and Silibinin against DNA Damage in Human Blood Cells.
Flávio Fernandes Veloso BorgesCarolina Ribeiro E SilvaWanessa Moreira GoesFernanda Ribeiro GodoyFernanda Craveiro FrancoJefferson Hollanda VérasElisa Flávia Luiz Cardoso BailãoDaniela de Melo E SilvaClever Gomes CardosoAparecido Divino da CruzLee Chen-ChenPublished in: BioMed research international (2018)
Silymarin (SM), a standardized extract derived from Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn, is primarily composed of flavonolignans, with silibinin (SB) as its major active constituent. The present study aimed to evaluate the antigenotoxic activities of SM and SB using the alkaline comet assay in whole blood cells and to assess their effects on the expression of genes associated with carcinogenesis and chemopreventive processes. Different concentrations of SM or SB (1.0, 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5 mg/ml) were used in combination with the DNA damage-inducing agent methyl methanesulfonate (MMS, 800 μM) to evaluate their genoprotective potential. To investigate the role of SM and SB in modulating gene expression, we performed quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis of five genes that are known to be involved in DNA damage, carcinogenesis, and/or chemopreventive mechanisms. Treatment with SM or SB was found to significantly reduce the genotoxicity of MMS, upregulate the expression of PTEN and BCL2, and downregulate the expression of BAX and ABL1. We observed no significant changes in ETV6 expression levels following treatment with SM or SB. In conclusion, both SM and SB exerted antigenotoxic activities and modulated the expression of genes related to cell protection against DNA damage.
Keyphrases
- dna damage
- poor prognosis
- oxidative stress
- induced apoptosis
- gene expression
- dna repair
- long non coding rna
- genome wide
- signaling pathway
- cell cycle arrest
- real time pcr
- stem cells
- endothelial cells
- acute lymphoblastic leukemia
- mass spectrometry
- tyrosine kinase
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- transcription factor
- mesenchymal stem cells
- anti inflammatory