IL-33 is essential to prevent high-fat diet-induced obesity in mice infected with an intestinal helminth.
Seiji ObiChikako ShimokawaMizuki KatsuuraAlex OliaTakashi ImaiKazutomo SuzueHajime HisaedaPublished in: Parasite immunology (2020)
Intestinal helminthes induce immunosuppressive responses as well as type 2 immunity. Their suppressive properties are intended to regulate inflammatory diseases such as allergies and autoimmune diseases. This study evaluated whether helminthic infections suppress obesity, a chronic inflammatory state, using an intestinal nematode, Heligmosomoides polygyrus (Hp). Infection with Hp at the same time as feeding a high-fat diet (HFD) prevented weight gain, dyslipidaemia and glucose intolerance observed in uninfected obese mice. Immunologically, Hp infection skewed M1 macrophages to M2 macrophages and induced type 2 innate lymphoid cells in adipose tissues. The expression of interleukin (IL)-33, a potent initiator of type 2 responses, was also increased in association with uncoupled protein 1 (UCP1). To further investigate the anti-obesity effects of IL-33 in mice infected with Hp, IL-33-deficient mice were fed the HFD and infected with Hp. These mutant mice rapidly gained weight compared with wild-type mice, indicating the anti-obesity effect of IL-33. In the absence of IL-33, the rapid increase in weight was not prevented, and type 2 responses and UCP1 expression were not observed even during Hp infection. These results suggested that the suppression of obesity by Hp is dependent on IL-33.
Keyphrases
- high fat diet induced
- insulin resistance
- high fat diet
- weight gain
- adipose tissue
- metabolic syndrome
- weight loss
- wild type
- type diabetes
- body mass index
- skeletal muscle
- poor prognosis
- birth weight
- oxidative stress
- gene expression
- induced apoptosis
- diabetic rats
- small molecule
- signaling pathway
- long non coding rna
- endothelial cells
- blood pressure
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- physical activity
- high glucose