Measuring Antimicrobial Use Needs Global Harmonization.
Muhammad UmairMashkoor MohsinUte Wolff SönksenTimothy Rutland WalshLothar KreienbrockRamanan LaxminarayanPublished in: Global challenges (Hoboken, NJ) (2021)
Global health and global economies are predicted to be severely affected by antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The three organizations World Health Organization/World Organisation for Animal Health/Food and Agriculture Organization (WHO/OIE/FAO) are working in their domains to prevent any future AMR crisis. Antimicrobial use (AMU), especially in food animals, is contributing to the development and dissemination of AMR bacteria and genes. AMU monitoring is a strategic objective of the global and national action plans on AMR. However, the AMU reporting metrics at different levels are not harmonized yet, posing difficulties in comparisons among AMU data from different sources. A tripartite WHO/OIE/FAO collaboration is urgently required to develop and implement a globally accepted AMU metric system to ensure reliable comparisons among various data sets.
Keyphrases
- antimicrobial resistance
- global health
- public health
- staphylococcus aureus
- electronic health record
- healthcare
- big data
- human health
- climate change
- emergency department
- current status
- gene expression
- machine learning
- genome wide
- risk assessment
- drinking water
- health information
- social media
- transcription factor
- adverse drug
- dna methylation