Identifying active ingredients, working mechanisms and fidelity characteristics reported in smoking cessation interventions in Dutch primary care: a systematic review.

This systematic review provides an overview of smoking cessation interventions in Dutch primary care settings, identified since the year 2000. Smoking cessation support is offered in various forms, but our qualitative findings show that interventions including more behavior change techniques and interventions targeting only smoking cessation (compared to multiple behaviors) might be more effective. Results also show that - based on available intervention reports - it is difficult to distinguish patterns of active ingredients (such as behavior change techniques), mechanisms of action and fidelity of implementation in relation to interventions' effectiveness. This means (quality of) reporting on these intervention characteristics should improve.