Assessing the Finances of Applying to Surgical Residency in 2019-2020: A US Nationwide Surgical Specialties Comparison.

Background The costs of applying to residency programs may affect which students choose to apply to a specialty, yet few studies have compared expenses of applying to different surgical specialties. Objective To compare individual and total expenses for applicants applying to 5 US surgical specialties during an in-person interview and recruitment period. Methods Post-match survey data from 2019-2020, from senior applicants of 123 of 141 (87.2%) US medical schools, to orthopaedic surgery (OS), neurological surgery (NS), urology (UR), plastic surgery (PS), otolaryngology (OTO) programs, was analyzed for applicant characteristics and mean application, away rotation, interview, and total expenses. Kruskal-Wallis H tests compared differences in costs between specialties. P values <.05 were significant. Results The survey data included 1136 applicants, representing a response rate of 27%, with 459 applicants to OS, 121 to NS, 191 to UR, 117 to PS, and 248 to OTO. Mean application costs were different among the specialties: OS, $1,990; NS, $1,711; UR, $1,570; PS, $1,638; and OTO, $1,612 ( P ≤.003). Mean interview expenses also differed: OS, $3,129; NS, $6,400; UR, $3,915; PS, $5,486; and OTO, $3,540 ( P ≤.001) as well as away rotation expenses: OS, $3,182; NS, $3,840; UR, $2,640; PS, $4,074; and OTO, $2,437 ( P ≤.029). Mean total costs were high and differed among specialties: OS, $8,205; NS, $11,882; UR, $8,207; PS, $10,845; and OTO, $7,516 ( P ≤.029). Conclusions Applying to surgical residencies in the pre-pandemic era was expensive, with mean costs over $10,000 for NS and PS. The largest contribution to total costs were interview expenses.