Follicular Regulatory T Cells in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
Xin XiaJun YangShengjun WangPublished in: Journal of immunology research (2021)
Follicular regulatory T (Tfr) cells are the regulatory T cell subset mainly localized in the germinal center (GC), acting as modulators of GC responses. They can disrupt Tfh cell- and B cell-linked recognition, induce Tfh apoptosis, and suppress B cell function. Evidences show that dysregulated Tfr cells are associated with the disease activity index and serum autoantibody levels, influencing the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This review focuses on the interaction among Tfr, Tfh, and B cells, summarizes the characterization and function of Tfr cells, concludes the imbalance of CD4+T subsets in SLE, and presents potential therapies for SLE. In general, we discuss the roles of Tfr cells in the progress of SLE and provide potential treatments.
Keyphrases
- systemic lupus erythematosus
- disease activity
- cell cycle arrest
- induced apoptosis
- regulatory t cells
- rheumatoid arthritis
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- rheumatoid arthritis patients
- cell death
- oxidative stress
- ankylosing spondylitis
- small molecule
- dendritic cells
- pi k akt
- single cell
- signaling pathway
- transcription factor
- juvenile idiopathic arthritis
- cell proliferation
- climate change