Rice Bran Phenolic Extracts Modulate Insulin Secretion and Gene Expression Associated with β-Cell Function.
Nancy SajiNidhish FrancisLachlan J SchwarzChristopher L BlanchardAbishek Bommannan SanthakumarPublished in: Nutrients (2020)
Oxidative stress is known to modulate insulin secretion and initiate gene alterations resulting in impairment of β-cell function and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Rice bran (RB) phenolic extracts contain bioactive properties that may target metabolic pathways associated with the pathogenesis of T2DM. This study aimed to examine the effect of stabilized RB phenolic extracts on the expression of genes associated with β-cell function such as glucose transporter 2 (Glut2), pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (Pdx1), sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), mitochondrial transcription factor A (Tfam), and insulin 1 (Ins1) in addition to evaluating its impact on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. It was observed that treatment with different concentrations of RB phenolic extracts (25-250 µg/mL) significantly increased the expression of Glut2, Pdx1, Sirt1, Tfam, and Ins1 genes and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion under both normal and high glucose conditions. RB phenolic extracts favourably modulated the expression of genes involved in β-cell dysfunction and insulin secretion via several mechanisms such as synergistic action of polyphenols targeting signalling molecules, decreasing free radical damage by its antioxidant activity, and stimulation of effectors or survival factors of insulin secretion.
Keyphrases
- oxidative stress
- poor prognosis
- gene expression
- transcription factor
- glycemic control
- high glucose
- blood glucose
- ischemia reperfusion injury
- type diabetes
- genome wide
- dna damage
- endothelial cells
- dna methylation
- long non coding rna
- induced apoptosis
- diabetic rats
- blood pressure
- skeletal muscle
- cancer therapy
- metabolic syndrome
- dna binding
- signaling pathway
- cardiovascular disease
- tissue engineering
- heat shock protein
- bioinformatics analysis