Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for the study of interaction of an antibacterial agent ([bis(1,3-dipentyl-1 H -imidazol-2(3 H )-ylidene)silver(i)]bromide) with Bacillus subtilis bacterial biofilms.
Sana NadeemSaima AzizHaq NawazMuhammad Irfan MajeedAbeer Ahmed AlghamdiMuhammad ShahidMuhammad Adnan IqbalShaista ManahalNimra RehmanAyesha AnwerNida GhafoorMuhammad ImranPublished in: RSC advances (2024)
Bacterial resistance towards antibiotics is a significant challenge for public health, and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has great potential to be a promising technique to provide detailed information about the effect of antibiotics against biofilms. SERS is employed to check the antibacterial potential of a lab synthesized drug ([bis(1,3-dipentyl-1 H -imidazol-2(3 H )-ylidene)silver(i)] bromide) against Bacillus subtilis and to analyze various SERS spectral features of unexposed and exposed Bacillus strains by observing biochemical changes in DNA, protein, lipid and carbohydrate contents induced by the lab synthesized imidazole derivative. Further, PCA and PLS-DA are employed to differentiate the SERS features. PCA was employed to differentiate the biochemical contents of unexposed and exposed Bacillus strains in the form of clusters of their representative SERS spectra and is also helpful in the pairwise comparison of two spectral data sets. PLS-DA provides authentic information to discriminate different unexposed and exposed Bacillus strains with 91% specificity, 93% sensitivity and 97% accuracy. SERS can be employed to characterize the complex and heterogeneous system of biofilms and to check the changes in spectral features of Bacillus strains by exposure to the lab synthesized imidazole derivative.
Keyphrases
- raman spectroscopy
- bacillus subtilis
- escherichia coli
- gold nanoparticles
- public health
- optical coherence tomography
- silver nanoparticles
- candida albicans
- sensitive detection
- magnetic resonance imaging
- ionic liquid
- magnetic resonance
- electronic health record
- emergency department
- cross sectional
- circulating tumor
- water soluble
- human health
- healthcare
- artificial intelligence
- anti inflammatory
- amino acid
- quantum dots
- density functional theory
- wound healing
- clinical evaluation