Effects of lipid-containing eye drops on the ocular surface and in vivo confocal microscopy findings in patients using systemic isotretinoin.

Objective To evaluate the effects of lipid-containing Rohto Dry Aid eye drops and sodium hyaluronate eye drops on the ocular surface and in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) findings in patients using systemic isotretinoin. Methods This retrospective study included 71 patients using systemic isotretinoin for acne vulgaris. Ocular surface and tear functions were evaluated with the tear break-up time (TBUT), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), and the ocular surface disease index questionnaire (OSDI). Meibography was used for the staging of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) while IVCM was used for the analysis of corneal micro-structural changes. The data of 36 patients using Rohto Dry Aid (the Rohto group) and 35 patients using sodium hyaluronate (the SH group) were recorded. Pre-treatment, first month and third month data were analyzed. Results Shorter TBUT, lower OSDI score, and less CFS were observed in the first and third months after treatment in the Rohto group (p < 0.001). There was no significant change in TBUT and CFS in the first month (p > 0.05) in the SH group (p < 0.05) but lower TBUT and more CFS were observed in the third month. There was no significant change in the OSDI score in the SH group. There was a significant decrease in dendritic cells, activated keratocytes, and nerve tortuosity with IVCM in both groups. However, no significant difference was found between the two groups. Conclusion Rohto Dry Aid, with its support of the lipid layer, is an effective and safe treatment agent that can improve both ocular surface and IVCM findings in evaporative dry eye cases with MGD.