Updated Surveillance Metrics and History of the COVID-19 Pandemic (2020-2023) in Europe: Longitudinal Trend Analysis.
Alexander L LundbergScott A WuAlan G SoetiknoClaudia A HawkinsRobert Leo MurphyRobert J HaveyEgon Anderson OzerCharles B MossSarah B WelchMaryann MasonYingxuan LiuLori Ann PostPublished in: JMIR public health and surveillance (2024)
While COVID-19 continues to circulate in Europe, the rate of transmission remained below the threshold of an outbreak for 4 months ahead of the WHO declaration. The region had previously been in a nearly continuous state of outbreak. The more recent trend suggested that COVID-19 was endemic in the region and no longer reached the threshold of the pandemic definition. However, several countries remained in a state of outbreak, and the conclusion that COVID-19 was no longer a pandemic in Europe at the time is unclear.