Physical and psychological effects of outdoor fitness equipment training on middle-aged and older adults: study protocol of a randomised controlled trial.
Pablo Jorge Marcos-PardoAlejandro Espeso-GarcíaRaquel Vaquero-CristóbalTomás Abelleira-LamelaFrancisco Esparza-RosNoelia González-GálvezPublished in: BMJ open sport & exercise medicine (2023)
This project will investigate the effectiveness of an 8-week outdoor fitness equipment (OFE) programme on health parameters in healthy community-dwelling middle and older adults, corresponding to the present paper to the study protocol, which follows a single-blind randomised controlled trial design. The training intervention will involve participation in an OFE programme implemented over 8 weeks, two sessions/week. Rating of perceived exertion, heart rate, training volume and adherence to the exercise programme will be registered each session. The control group will not receive any structured exercise programme. Blinded examiners will evaluate before and after the training programme muscle strength with both maximum knee extension and elbow flexion isometric tests, handgrip strength test and five time sit-to-stand test; cardiovascular fitness with 400-metre walking test; postural stability with the balance tests of the short physical performance battery (SPPB) battery; dynamic balance with Timed Up and Go (TUG) test; body composition with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry; functional performance by gait speed, TUG and SPPB battery; blood pressure; and sagittal spine disposition and pelvic tilt. Information will also be collected about demographic characteristics, health-related quality of life, satisfaction with life and adherence to the Mediterranean diet questionnaires. After that, sarcopenia, osteoporosis and fracture risk will be calculated. The results derived from this research will increase the knowledge of the effectiveness of OFE training for improving the health of healthy community-dwelling middle and older adults.
Keyphrases
- study protocol
- physical activity
- body composition
- randomized controlled trial
- community dwelling
- resistance training
- dual energy
- heart rate
- bone mineral density
- blood pressure
- mental health
- healthcare
- virtual reality
- placebo controlled
- public health
- computed tomography
- clinical trial
- systematic review
- open label
- air pollution
- postmenopausal women
- heart rate variability
- sleep quality
- particulate matter
- high resolution
- type diabetes
- skeletal muscle
- hypertensive patients
- depressive symptoms
- gestational age
- health information
- adipose tissue
- magnetic resonance
- contrast enhanced
- working memory
- magnetic resonance imaging
- solid state
- rectal cancer
- glycemic control