MRI of cardiac involvement in COVID-19.
Moezedin Javad RafieeMatthias G FriedrichPublished in: The British journal of radiology (2024)
The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has led to a diverse pattern of myocardial injuries, including myocarditis, which is linked to adverse outcomes in patients. Research indicates that myocardial injury is associated with higher mortality in hospitalized severe COVID-19 patients (75.8% vs 9.7%). Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) has emerged as a crucial tool in diagnosing both ischaemic and non-ischaemic myocardial injuries, providing detailed insights into the impact of COVID-19 on myocardial tissue and function. This review synthesizes existing studies on the histopathological findings and CMR imaging patterns of myocardial injuries in COVID-19 patients. CMR imaging has revealed a complex pattern of cardiac damage in these patients, including myocardial inflammation, oedema, fibrosis, and ischaemic injury, due to coronary microthrombi. This review also highlights the role of LLC criteria in diagnosis of COVID-related myocarditis and the importance of CMR in detecting cardiac complications of COVID-19 in specific groups, such as children, manifesting multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) and athletes, as well as myocardial injuries post-COVID-19 infection or following COVID-19 vaccination. By summarizing existing studies on CMR in COVID-19 patients and highlighting ongoing research, this review contributes to a deeper understanding of the cardiac impacts of COVID-19. It emphasizes the effectiveness of CMR in assessing a broad spectrum of myocardial injuries, thereby enhancing the management and prognosis of patients with COVID-19 related cardiac complications.
Keyphrases
- sars cov
- left ventricular
- coronavirus disease
- respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- end stage renal disease
- magnetic resonance
- ejection fraction
- chronic kidney disease
- oxidative stress
- heart failure
- newly diagnosed
- young adults
- risk factors
- systematic review
- magnetic resonance imaging
- aortic stenosis
- high resolution
- peritoneal dialysis
- coronary artery
- randomized controlled trial
- type diabetes
- cardiovascular disease
- prognostic factors
- computed tomography
- coronary artery disease
- cardiovascular events
- patient reported outcomes
- photodynamic therapy
- mass spectrometry
- case control