Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the common pregnancy complications, which increases the risk of short-term and long-term adverse consequences in both the mother and offspring. However, the pathophysiological mechanism of GDM is still poorly understood. Inflammation, insulin resistance and oxidative stress are considered critical factors in the occurrence and development of GDM. Although the lifestyle intervention and insulin are the primary treatment, adverse pregnancy outcomes still cannot be ignored. Exosomes have a specific function of carrying biological information, which can transmit information to target cells and play an essential role in intercellular communication. Their possible roles in normal pregnancy and GDM have been widely concerned. The possibility of exosomal cargos as biomarkers of GDM is proposed. This paper reviews the literature in recent years and discusses the role of exosomes in GDM and their possible mechanisms to provide some reference for the prediction, prevention, and treatment of GDM and improve the outcome of pregnancy.
Keyphrases
- pregnancy outcomes
- pregnant women
- oxidative stress
- mesenchymal stem cells
- insulin resistance
- stem cells
- type diabetes
- induced apoptosis
- preterm birth
- randomized controlled trial
- systematic review
- metabolic syndrome
- high fat diet
- risk assessment
- cardiovascular disease
- dna damage
- risk factors
- health information
- weight loss
- physical activity
- ischemia reperfusion injury
- combination therapy
- social media
- cell death
- electronic health record
- diabetic rats
- meta analyses
- cell adhesion
- replacement therapy
- heat shock