Role of peripheral inflammatory biomarkers, transforming growth factor-beta and interleukin 6 in predicting peritoneal adhesions following repeat cesarean delivery.

In patients with a history of repeat CDs, the preoperative determination of TGF-β seems to be an important independent predictor of POA. The adverse events due to post-operative adhesion caused by repeat CDs can be overcome by detecting high-risk patients with a comprehensive assessment and individualized intervention integrated into overall patient management.