Marine Macrolides to Tackle Antimicrobial Resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis .
Sukamto S MamadaFirzan NainuAyu MasyitaAndri FrediansyahRifka Nurul UtamiMirnawati SalampeTalha Bin EmranClara Mariana Gonçalves LimaInderbir PaddaBernabé Nuñez-EstevezPublished in: Marine drugs (2022)
Tuberculosis has become a major health problem globally. This is worsened by the emergence of resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis showing ability to evade the effectiveness of the current antimycobacterial therapies. Therefore, the efforts carried out to explore new entities from many sources, including marine, are critical. This review summarizes several marine-derived macrolides that show promising activity against M. tuberculosis . We also provide information regarding the biosynthetic processes of marine macrolides, including the challenges that are usually experienced in this process. As most of the studies reporting the antimycobacterial activities of the listed marine macrolides are based on in vitro studies, the future direction should consider expanding the trials to in vivo and clinical trials. In addition, in silico studies should also be explored for a quick screening on marine macrolides with potent activities against mycobacterial infection. To sum up, macrolides derived from marine organisms might become therapeutical options for tackling antimycobacterial resistance of M. tuberculosis .
Keyphrases
- mycobacterium tuberculosis
- pulmonary tuberculosis
- antimicrobial resistance
- clinical trial
- healthcare
- randomized controlled trial
- public health
- escherichia coli
- emergency department
- mental health
- case control
- risk assessment
- hiv aids
- health information
- hepatitis c virus
- drinking water
- current status
- phase ii
- study protocol
- human immunodeficiency virus
- hiv infected
- molecular dynamics simulations
- health promotion