Predicting Ki-67 labeling index level in early-stage lung adenocarcinomas manifesting as ground-glass opacity nodules using intra-nodular and peri-nodular radiomic features.

The established radiomic model exhibited good diagnostic efficacy in differentiating between lung adenocarcinoma GGOs with high and low Ki-67 LI, which was higher than the clinical-radiographic model. Peri-nodular radiomic features showed added benefits to the radiomic model. As a novel noninvasive method, radiomics have the potential to be applied in the preliminary classification of Ki-67 expression level in lung adenocarcinoma GGOs.