Innate Immune Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment of Liver Metastasis from Colorectal Cancer: Contribution to a Comprehensive Therapy.
Gabriela Sampaio-RibeiroAna RuivoAna SilvaAna Lúcia SantosRui Caetano OliveiraJoão Martins GamaMaria Augusta CiprianoJosé Guilherme TralhãoArtur PaivaPublished in: Cancers (2023)
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent type of cancer, and liver metastasis is the most common site of metastatic development. In the tumor microenvironment (TME), various innate immune cells are known to influence cancer progression and metastasis occurrence. CD274 (PD-L1) and CD206 (MRC1) are proteins that have been associated with poor prognosis and disease progression. We conducted a study on tumoral and non-tumoral biopsies from 47 patients with CRC liver metastasis, using flow cytometry to phenotypically characterize innate immune cells. Our findings showed an increase in the expression of CD274 on classical, intermediate, and non-classical monocytes when comparing tumor with non-tumor samples. Furthermore, tumor samples with a desmoplastic growth pattern exhibited a significantly decreased percentage of CD274- and CD206-positive cells in all monocyte populations compared to non-desmoplastic samples. We found a correlation between a lower expression of CD206 or CD274 on classical, intermediate, and non-classical monocytes and increased disease-free survival, which points to a better prognosis for these patients. In conclusion, our study has identified potential new targets and biomarkers that could be incorporated into a personalized medicine approach to enhance the outcome for colorectal cancer patients.
Keyphrases
- poor prognosis
- long non coding rna
- immune response
- nk cells
- induced apoptosis
- end stage renal disease
- squamous cell carcinoma
- flow cytometry
- papillary thyroid
- stem cells
- newly diagnosed
- dendritic cells
- small cell lung cancer
- risk assessment
- ejection fraction
- chronic kidney disease
- peripheral blood
- oxidative stress
- innate immune
- mesenchymal stem cells
- young adults
- endothelial cells
- binding protein
- prognostic factors
- patient reported outcomes
- cell therapy
- lymph node metastasis
- patient reported
- replacement therapy
- genetic diversity