Effects of Obesity and Diabesity on Ventricular Muscle Structure and Function in the Zucker Rat.
Ahmed SultanErnest A AdeghateStarling Emerald BrightMuhammad A QureshiSaeed Tariq MinhasFrank Christopher HowarthPublished in: Life (Basel, Switzerland) (2022)
(1) Background: Cardiovascular complications are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. The effects of obesity and diabesity on the function and structure of ventricular myocytes in the Zucker fatty (ZF) rat and the Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rat compared to Zucker lean (ZL) control rats have been investigated. (2) Methods: Shortening and intracellular Ca 2+ were simultaneously measured with cell imaging and fluorescence photometry, respectively. Ventricular muscle protein expression and structure were investigated with Western blot and electron microscopy, respectively. (3) Results: The amplitude of shortening was increased in ZF compared to ZL but not compared to ZDF myocytes. Resting Ca 2+ was increased in ZDF compared to ZL myocytes. Time to half decay of the Ca 2+ transient was prolonged in ZDF compared to ZL and was reduced in ZF compared to ZL myocytes. Changes in expression of proteins associated with cardiac muscle contraction are presented. Structurally, there were reductions in sarcomere length in ZDF and ZF compared to ZL and reductions in mitochondria count in ZF compared to ZDF and ZL myocytes. (4) Conclusions: Alterations in ventricular muscle proteins and structure may partly underlie the defects observed in Ca 2+ signaling in ZDF and ZF compared to ZL rat hearts.
Keyphrases
- left ventricular
- skeletal muscle
- type diabetes
- oxidative stress
- insulin resistance
- metabolic syndrome
- weight loss
- stem cells
- cell death
- adipose tissue
- high resolution
- protein kinase
- heart rate variability
- mesenchymal stem cells
- atrial fibrillation
- catheter ablation
- reactive oxygen species
- fatty acid
- functional connectivity
- bone marrow
- cell therapy
- brain injury
- electron microscopy
- quantum dots
- postmenopausal women
- bone mineral density
- blood brain barrier
- resting state
- subarachnoid hemorrhage
- fluorescence imaging