Cutaneous localization in multiple myeloma in the context of bortezomib-based treatment: how do myeloma cells escape from the bone marrow to the skin?
Valentina MarchicaFabrizio AccardiPaola StortiCristina ManciniEugenia MartellaBenedetta Dalla PalmaMarina BolzoniKatia TodoertiMagda MarcattiChiara SchifanoSabrina BonominiGabriella SammarelliAntonino NeriMaurilio PonzoniFranco AversaNicola GiulianiPublished in: International journal of hematology (2016)
The skin is a possible site of extramedullary localization in multiple myeloma (MM) patients; however, the mechanisms involved in this process are poorly understood. We describe the case of a refractory MM patient who developed a cutaneous localization under bortezomib treatment and we further expanded observations in other eight MM patients. We focused on the expression of genes involved in plasma cell skin homing, including CCR10, which was highly expressed. Moreover, we observed a lack of CXCR4 surface expression and the down-regulation of ICAM1/CD54 throughout the progression of the disease, suggesting a possible mechanism driving the escape of MM cells from the bone marrow into the skin.
Keyphrases
- multiple myeloma
- newly diagnosed
- bone marrow
- end stage renal disease
- ejection fraction
- chronic kidney disease
- poor prognosis
- soft tissue
- mesenchymal stem cells
- wound healing
- prognostic factors
- peritoneal dialysis
- stem cells
- single cell
- cell death
- induced apoptosis
- binding protein
- regulatory t cells
- cell proliferation
- dendritic cells
- patient reported outcomes
- cell cycle arrest
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- nk cells