Expression of substance P, neurokinin 1 receptor, Ki-67 and pyruvate kinase M2 in hormone receptor negative breast cancer and evaluation of impact on overall survival.

Combined expression levels of SP with NK1R or Ki-67, and PKM2 with SP could be used to predict survival in breast cancer patients with HR-ve tumors. Our findings suggest a role of SP/NK1R pathway and PKM2 in HR-ve breast cancer pathogenesis which should be further investigated to unveil the underlying molecular mechanisms.