Opioid Use and Total Joint Replacement.
Cade ShadboltChris SchillingMaria C S InacioJ Haxby AbbottYana PryymachenkoRoss WilsonPeter F M ChoongMichelle M DowseyPublished in: Current rheumatology reports (2020)
Recent findings indicate that total joint replacement patients with a history of preoperative opioid use experience higher rates of infection, revision, short-term complications, and prolonged postoperative opioid use, along with fewer improvements in pain and function following surgery. These risks are particularly pronounced among chronic opioid users. While the baseline risk profiles of these patients may contribute to higher rates of adverse outcomes, it is also plausible that certain outcomes are directly impacted by opioid use through mechanisms such as opioid-induced hyperalgesia and immunosuppression. There is little available data on the efficacy of interventions that aim to mitigate these risks. Well-designed clinical trials are needed to evaluate the efficacy of targeted perioperative interventions that aim to improve outcomes for this high-risk surgical population. Where such trials are not feasible, additional high-quality observational studies are necessary to further our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the relationships between opioid use and specific adverse outcomes.
Keyphrases
- chronic pain
- pain management
- patients undergoing
- clinical trial
- end stage renal disease
- physical activity
- neuropathic pain
- minimally invasive
- newly diagnosed
- ejection fraction
- chronic kidney disease
- prognostic factors
- human health
- total knee arthroplasty
- coronary artery bypass
- drug induced
- high glucose
- risk factors
- cancer therapy
- endothelial cells
- type diabetes
- randomized controlled trial
- metabolic syndrome
- spinal cord injury
- diabetic rats
- electronic health record
- acute coronary syndrome
- spinal cord
- drug delivery
- big data
- atrial fibrillation
- artificial intelligence
- percutaneous coronary intervention
- stress induced