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Is there a relationship between chocolate consumption and symptoms of depression? A cross-sectional survey of 13,626 US adults.

Sarah E JacksonLee SmithJoseph FirthIgor GrabovacPinar SoysalAi KoyanagiLiang HuBrendon StubbsJacopo DemurtasNicola VeroneseXiangzhu ZhuJingyuan Lin
Published in: Depression and anxiety (2019)
These results provide some evidence that consumption of chocolate, particularly dark chocolate, may be associated with reduced odds of clinically relevant depressive symptoms. Further research capturing long-term chocolate consumption and using a longitudinal design are required to confirm these findings and clarify the direction of causation.
Keyphrases
  • depressive symptoms
  • sleep quality
  • social support
  • physical activity