Spatial and Chemical Surface Guidance of NK Cell Cytotoxic Activity.
Guillaume Le SauxAvishay EdriYossi KeydarUzi HadadAngel PorgadorMark SchvartzmanPublished in: ACS applied materials & interfaces (2018)
Studying how different signaling pathways spatially integrate in cells requires selective manipulation and control of different transmembrane ligand-receptor pairs at the same time. This work explores a novel method for precisely arranging two arbitrarily chosen ligands on a micron-scale two-dimensional pattern. The approach is based on lithographic patterning of Au and TiO2 films, followed by their selective functionalization with Ni-nitrilotriacetic acid-histidine and biotin-avidin chemistries, respectively. The selectivity of chemical and biological functionalizations is demonstrated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and immunofluorescence imaging, respectively. This approach is applied to produce the first type of bifunctional surfaces with controllably positioned ligands for activating the receptors of natural killer (NK) immune cells. NK cells were used as a model system to demonstrate the potency of the surface in guiding site-selective cell attachment and activation. Upon applying the suitable ligand or ligand combination, the surfaces guided the appropriate single- or bifunctional attachment and activation. These encouraging results demonstrate the effectiveness of the system as an experimental platform aimed at the comprehensive understanding of the immunological synapse. The great simplicity, modularity, and specificity of this approach make it applicable for a myriad of combinations of other biomolecules and applications, turning it into the "Swiss knife" of biointerfaces.
Keyphrases
- nk cells
- high resolution
- signaling pathway
- induced apoptosis
- randomized controlled trial
- biofilm formation
- systematic review
- single cell
- metal organic framework
- cell cycle arrest
- highly efficient
- room temperature
- single molecule
- pseudomonas aeruginosa
- staphylococcus aureus
- high throughput
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- bone marrow
- sensitive detection
- oxidative stress
- visible light
- electron microscopy
- candida albicans
- solid state