Systematic review with meta-analysis: automated low-flow ascites pump therapy for refractory ascites.

This meta-analysis demonstrates that most patients treated with automated low-flow ascites pump therapy do not require LVP after pump insertion. Acute kidney injury occurs in 30% of patients and creatinine levels increase by a mean of 23 µmol/L after pump insertion. Bacterial peritonitis and urinary tract infection occur in 27% and 20% of patients respectively.