Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts: Epigenetic Regulation and Therapeutic Intervention in Breast Cancer.
Yeuan Ting LeeYi Jer TanMarco FalascaChern-Ein OonPublished in: Cancers (2020)
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women worldwide. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a heterogeneous population of cells in the solid tumour microenvironment. These cells are positively linked to breast cancer progression. Breast CAFs can be categorised into distinct subtypes according to their roles in breast carcinogenesis. Epigenetic modifications change gene expression patterns as a consequence of altered chromatin configuration and DNA accessibility to transcriptional machinery, without affecting the primary structure of DNA. Epigenetic dysregulation in breast CAFs may enhance breast cancer cell survival and ultimately lead to therapeutic resistance. A growing body of evidence has described epigenetic modulators that target histones, DNA, and miRNA as a promising approach to treat cancer. This review aims to summarise the current findings on the mechanisms involved in the epigenetic regulation in breast CAFs and discusses the potential therapeutic strategies via targeting these factors.
Keyphrases
- gene expression
- dna methylation
- induced apoptosis
- circulating tumor
- cell free
- single molecule
- cell cycle arrest
- randomized controlled trial
- transcription factor
- small molecule
- genome wide
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- signaling pathway
- coronary artery disease
- type diabetes
- nucleic acid
- cell proliferation
- young adults
- drug delivery
- childhood cancer
- cancer therapy
- cardiovascular events
- pregnancy outcomes
- risk assessment
- squamous cell
- insulin resistance
- pi k akt
- lymph node metastasis
- heat shock