Pathophysiology and Treatment of Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension.
Naoyuki OtaniRyo WatanabeTakashi TomoeShigeru ToyodaTakanori YasuTakaaki NakamotoPublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2023)
Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a condition in which an organic thrombus remains in the pulmonary artery (PA) even after receiving anticoagulation therapy for more than 3 months and is complicated by pulmonary hypertension (PH), leading to right-sided heart failure and death. CTEPH is a progressive pulmonary vascular disease with a poor prognosis if left untreated. The standard treatment for CTEPH is pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA), which is usually performed only in specialized centers. In recent years, balloon pulmonary angioplasty (BPA) and drug therapy for CTEPH have also shown good results. This review discusses the complex pathogenesis of CTEPH and presents the standard of care, PEA, as well as a new device called BPA, which is showing remarkable progress in efficacy and safety. Additionally, several drugs are now demonstrating established evidence of efficacy in treating CTEPH.
Keyphrases
- pulmonary hypertension
- pulmonary artery
- poor prognosis
- pulmonary arterial hypertension
- heart failure
- atrial fibrillation
- long non coding rna
- multiple sclerosis
- coronary artery
- emergency department
- left ventricular
- drug induced
- venous thromboembolism
- quality improvement
- smoking cessation
- acute coronary syndrome
- coronary artery disease
- electronic health record
- pain management
- combination therapy
- chronic pain
- water soluble
- adverse drug