Resveratrol prevents brain edema, blood-brain barrier permeability, and altered aquaporin profile in autism animal model.
Iohanna DeckmannJúlio Santos-TerraMellanie Fontes-DutraMarília Körbes-RockenbachGuilherme Bauer-NegriniGustavo Brum SchwingelRudimar RiesgoVictorio Bambini-JuniorCarmem GottfriedPublished in: International journal of developmental neuroscience : the official journal of the International Society for Developmental Neuroscience (2021)
Autism spectrum disorder can present a plethora of clinical conditions associated with the disorder, such as greater brain volume in the first years of life in a significant percentage of patients. We aimed to evaluate the brain water content, the blood-brain barrier permeability, and the expression of aquaporin 1 and 4, and GFAP in a valproic acid-animal model, assessing the effect of resveratrol. On postnatal day 30, Wistar rats of the valproic acid group showed greater permeability of the blood-brain barrier to the Evans blue dye and a higher proportion of brain water volume, prevented both by resveratrol. Prenatal exposition to valproic acid diminished aquaporin 1 in the choroid plexus, in the primary somatosensory area, in the amygdala region, and in the medial prefrontal cortex, reduced aquaporin 4 in medial prefrontal cortex and increased aquaporin 4 levels in primary somatosensory area (with resveratrol prevention). Valproic acid exposition also increased the number of astrocytes and GFAP fluorescence in both primary somatosensory area and medial prefrontal cortex. In medial prefrontal cortex, resveratrol prevented the increased fluorescence. Finally, there was an effect of resveratrol per se on the number of astrocytes and GFAP fluorescence in the amygdala region and in the hippocampus. Thus, this work demonstrates significant changes in blood-brain barrier permeability, edema formation, distribution of aquaporin 1 and 4, in addition to astrocytes profile in the animal model of autism, as well as the use of resveratrol as a tool to investigate the mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of autism spectrum disorder.
Keyphrases
- prefrontal cortex
- blood brain barrier
- autism spectrum disorder
- cerebral ischemia
- resting state
- intellectual disability
- white matter
- functional connectivity
- endothelial cells
- single molecule
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
- transcranial direct current stimulation
- end stage renal disease
- poor prognosis
- ejection fraction
- pregnant women
- newly diagnosed
- preterm infants
- subarachnoid hemorrhage
- patient reported outcomes
- energy transfer
- long non coding rna
- working memory
- cognitive impairment
- quantum dots