Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Frailty and Metabolic Syndromes-Two Sides of the Same Coin.
Sylwia Dziegielewska-GesiakMałgorzata Muc-WierzgońPublished in: Metabolites (2023)
In developed countries, aging is often seen as typical, but it is made complicated by many disorders and co-morbidities. Insulin resistance seems to be an underlying pathomechanism in frailty and metabolic syndromes. The decline in insulin sensitivity leads to changes in the oxidant-antioxidant balance and an accelerated inflammatory response, especially by adipocytes and macrophages in adipose tissue, as well as muscle mass density. Thus, in the pathophysiology of syndemic disorders-the metabolic syndrome and frailty syndrome-an extremely important role may be played by increased oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory state. Papers included in this review explored available full texts and the reference lists of relevant studies from the last 20 years, before the end of 2022; we also investigated the PubMed and Google Scholar electronic databases. The online resources describing an elderly population (≥65 years old) published as full texts were searched for the following terms: "oxidative stress and/or inflammation", "frailty and/or metabolic syndrome". Then, all resources were analyzed and narratively described in the context of oxidative stress and/or inflammation markers which underlie pathomechanisms of frailty and/or metabolic syndromes in elderly patients. So far, different metabolic pathways discussed in this review show that a similar pathogenesis underlies the development of the metabolic as well as frailty syndromes in the context of increased oxidative stress and acceleration of inflammation. Thus, we argue that the syndemia of the syndromes represents two sides of the same coin.
Keyphrases
- oxidative stress
- community dwelling
- metabolic syndrome
- insulin resistance
- adipose tissue
- diabetic rats
- induced apoptosis
- dna damage
- ischemia reperfusion injury
- inflammatory response
- high fat diet
- social media
- machine learning
- systematic review
- type diabetes
- lipopolysaccharide induced
- randomized controlled trial
- polycystic ovary syndrome
- middle aged
- mass spectrometry
- artificial intelligence
- weight loss
- lps induced
- cardiovascular disease
- toll like receptor