Changes in the Expression of Biofilm-Associated Surface Proteins in Staphylococcus aureus Food-Environmental Isolates Subjected to Sublethal Concentrations of Disinfectants.
Lenka CincarovaOndrej PolanskyVladimir BabakPavel KulichPetr KralikPublished in: BioMed research international (2016)
Sublethal concentrations (sub-MICs) of certain disinfectants are no longer effective in removing biofilms from abiotic surfaces and can even promote the formation of biofilms. Bacterial cells can probably adapt to these low concentrations of disinfectants and defend themselves by way of biofilm formation. In this paper, we report on three Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formers (strong B+++, moderate B++, and weak B+) that were cultivated with sub-MICs of commonly used disinfectants, ethanol or chloramine T, and quantified using Syto9 green fluorogenic nucleic acid stain. We demonstrate that 1.25-2.5% ethanol and 2500 μg/mL chloramine T significantly enhanced S. aureus biofilm formation. To visualize differences in biofilm compactness between S. aureus biofilms in control medium, 1.25% ethanol, or 2500 μg/mL chloramine T, scanning electron microscopy was used. To describe changes in abundance of surface-exposed proteins in ethanol- or chloramine T-treated biofilms, surface proteins were prepared using a novel trypsin shaving approach and quantified after dimethyl labeling by LC-LTQ/Orbitrap MS. Our data show that some proteins with adhesive functions and others with cell maintenance functions and virulence factor EsxA were significantly upregulated by both treatments. In contrast, immunoglobulin-binding protein A was significantly downregulated for both disinfectants. Significant differences were observed in the effect of the two disinfectants on the expression of surface proteins including some adhesins, foldase protein PrsA, and two virulence factors.
Keyphrases
- biofilm formation
- candida albicans
- staphylococcus aureus
- pseudomonas aeruginosa
- binding protein
- escherichia coli
- electron microscopy
- mass spectrometry
- poor prognosis
- nucleic acid
- high resolution
- induced apoptosis
- magnetic resonance imaging
- cystic fibrosis
- multiple sclerosis
- ms ms
- long non coding rna
- magnetic resonance
- methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus
- cell therapy
- liquid chromatography
- electronic health record
- bone marrow
- single cell
- human health
- deep learning
- big data