Multi-modal imaging for the detection of early keratoconus: a narrative review.
Muawyah Al-BdourHashem M SabbaghHisham M JammalPublished in: Eye and vision (London, England) (2024)
Keratoconus is a common progressive corneal disorder that can be associated with significant ocular morbidity. Various corneal imaging techniques have been used for the diagnosis of established cases. However, in the early stages of the disease, which include subclinical keratoconus and forme fruste keratoconus, detection of such cases can be challenging. The importance of detecting such cases is very important because early intervention can halt disease progression, improve visual outcomes and prevent postrefractive surgery ectasia associated with performing corneal refractive procedures in such patients. This narrative review aimed to examine several established and evolving imaging techniques for the detection of early cases of keratoconus. The utilization of combinations of these techniques may further increase their diagnostic ability.
Keyphrases
- high resolution
- end stage renal disease
- loop mediated isothermal amplification
- chronic kidney disease
- multiple sclerosis
- optical coherence tomography
- randomized controlled trial
- wound healing
- ejection fraction
- newly diagnosed
- real time pcr
- type diabetes
- prognostic factors
- acute coronary syndrome
- skeletal muscle
- metabolic syndrome
- atrial fibrillation
- adipose tissue
- patient reported outcomes
- fluorescence imaging
- coronary artery bypass
- glycemic control
- optic nerve
- surgical site infection