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Comprehensive review of statistical methods for analysing patient-reported outcomes (PROs) used as primary outcomes in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published by the UK's Health Technology Assessment (HTA) journal (1997-2020).

Yirui QianStephen J WaltersRichard M JacquesLaura Flight
Published in: BMJ open (2021)
The majority of trials used PROs as primary and/or secondary outcomes. Conventional methods such as linear regression are widely used, despite the potential violation of their assumptions. In recent years, there is an increasing trend of using complex models (eg, with mixed effects). Statistical methods developed to address these violations when analysing PROs, such as beta-binomial regression, are not routinely used in practice. Future research will focus on evaluating available statistical methods for the analysis of PROs.
Keyphrases
  • patient reported outcomes
  • healthcare
  • cross sectional
  • risk assessment
  • systematic review
  • metabolic syndrome
  • skeletal muscle
  • climate change
  • weight loss