Extracellular Vesicle-Derived Cord Blood Plasma and Photobiomodulation Therapy Down-Regulated Caspase 3, LC3 and Beclin 1 Markers in the PCOS Oocyte: An In Vitro Study.
Samira SahraeianHojjat Allah AbbaszadehRobabeh TaheripanahMohammad Amin EdalatmaneshPublished in: Journal of lasers in medical sciences (2023)
Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the communal endocrine illness in women and the most common cause of infertility due to lack of ovulation. The exact cause of PCOS is still unknown. Affected women may have difficulty getting pregnant due to ovulation problems. Various methods have not been effective in the treatment of PCOS due to the positive role of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) and extracellular vesicles (ECV) obtained from cord blood plasma in the treatment of various diseases. The aim of this study was to study the role of ECV and PBMT in maturation and improvement of infertility in women with PCOS. Methods: In this research, a number of oocytes were obtained after ovarian stimulation from women who had been referred to the hospital for infertility treatment after obtaining personal consent, and they were divided into three groups: control, ECV and PBMT. Subsequently, in vitro maturation (IVM) was assessed, then some oocytes were cultured with a routine medium and others were treated with ECV and PBMT. Real-time PCR was used to evaluate BCL-2, BAX, caspase-3, and autophagy gene (ATG5, LC3, Beclin 1). Oocyte glutathione (GSH), oxidised gluathione (GSSG), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured. Results: The metaphase II (MII) oocyte ratio formation significantly increased in the ECV and PBMT groups ( P <0.05). The expression of the BCL-2 gene was significantly up-regulated in the ECV and PBMT groups, but the expression of BAX and caspase-3 significantly decreased ( P <0.05). The expression of the ATG5, LC3, BECLIN-2 genes significantly decreased in the ECV and PBMT groups ( P <0.05). ROS, GSSG decreased in ECV and PBMT groups but GSH increased ( P <0.05). Conclusion: The use of ECV and PBMT can increase the rate of fertilization and maturation of an oocyte and cause a decrease in apoptosis, autophagy, and ROS in a PCOS oocyte.
Keyphrases
- polycystic ovary syndrome
- cell death
- insulin resistance
- cord blood
- reactive oxygen species
- poor prognosis
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- induced apoptosis
- cell cycle arrest
- dna damage
- oxidative stress
- healthcare
- genome wide
- transcription factor
- type diabetes
- copy number
- metabolic syndrome
- simultaneous determination
- mental health
- emergency department
- genome wide identification
- mass spectrometry
- binding protein
- real time pcr
- cell proliferation
- liquid chromatography
- molecular dynamics
- smoking cessation
- drug induced
- bone marrow