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mScarlet3: a brilliant and fast-maturing red fluorescent protein.

Theodorus W J GadellaLaura van WeerenJente StouthamerMark A HinkAnouk H G WoltersBen N G GiepmansSylvain AumonierJerome DupuyAntoine Royant
Published in: Nature methods (2023)
We report the evolution of mScarlet3, a cysteine-free monomeric red fluorescent protein with fast and complete maturation, as well as record brightness, quantum yield (75%) and fluorescence lifetime (4.0 ns). The mScarlet3 crystal structure reveals a barrel rigidified at one of its heads by a large hydrophobic patch of internal residues. mScarlet3 behaves well as a fusion tag, displays no apparent cytotoxicity and it surpasses existing red fluorescent proteins as a Förster resonance energy transfer acceptor and as a reporter in transient expression systems.
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