KIT Somatic Mutations and Immunohistochemical Expression in Canine Oral Melanoma.
Ginevra BroccaBeatrice PoncinaAlessandro SammarcoLaura CavicchioliMassimo CastagnaroPublished in: Animals : an open access journal from MDPI (2020)
Canine oral melanoma (COM) is an aggressive neoplasm with a low response to therapies, sharing similarities with human mucosal melanomas. In the latter, significant alterations of the proto-oncogene KIT have been shown, while in COMs only its exon 11 has been adequately investigated. In this study, 14 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded COMs were selected considering the following inclusion criteria: unequivocal diagnosis, presence of healthy tissue, and a known amplification status of the gene KIT (seven samples affected and seven non-affected by amplification). The DNA was extracted and KIT target exons 13, 17, and 18 were amplified by PCR and sequenced. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for KIT and Ki67 was performed, and a quantitative index was calculated for each protein. PCR amplification and sequencing was successful in 97.62% of cases, and no single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was detected in any of the exons examined, similarly to exon 11 in other studies. The immunolabeling of KIT was positive in 84.6% of the samples with a mean value of 3.1 cells in positive cases, yet there was no correlation with aberration status. Our findings confirm the hypothesis that SNPs are not a frequent event in KIT activation in COMs, with the pathway activation relying mainly on amplification.
Keyphrases
- nucleic acid
- genome wide
- endothelial cells
- poor prognosis
- healthcare
- induced apoptosis
- binding protein
- squamous cell carcinoma
- single molecule
- induced pluripotent stem cells
- long non coding rna
- small molecule
- signaling pathway
- gene expression
- neoadjuvant chemotherapy
- atomic force microscopy
- label free
- protein protein
- high speed
- lymph node
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- locally advanced
- rectal cancer