Exploring the Inner Workings of Direct Cardiac Reprogramming.

Due to generally low efficiency of direct cardiac reprogramming, many researchers have continued to improve the efficiency of iCM induction and continued exploration of the basic science behind the technique. The field is continuing to optimize individual aspects of reprogramming that can be leveraged together to improve overall effectiveness. Over the last several years, knowledge regarding the process of direct cardiac reprogramming and the many factors that affect its efficiency has increased significantly. Individual aspects have continued to be optimized, and it will be essential going forward to synthesize this information. Cardiac reprogramming continues to advance towards clinical translatability.