Functional Ionic Liquid Crystals.

Ionic liquid crystals have emerged as a new class of functional soft materials in the last two decades, and they exhibit synergistic characteristics of ionic liquids and liquid crystals such as macroscopic orientability, miscibility with various species, phase stability, nanostructural tunability, and polar nanochannel formation. Owing to these characteristics, the structures, properties, and functions of ionic liquid crystals have been a hot topic in materials chemistry, finding various applications including host frameworks for guest binding, separation membranes, ion-/proton-conducting membranes, reaction media, and optoelectronic materials. Although several excellent review articles of ionic liquid crystals have been published recently, they mainly focused on the fundamental aspects, structures, and specific properties of ionic liquid crystals, while these applications of ionic liquid crystals have not yet been discussed at one time. The aim of this feature article is to provide an overview of the applications of ionic liquid crystals in a comprehensive manner.