Associations between Dietary Polyphenols and Type 2 Diabetes in a Cross-Sectional Analysis of the PREDIMED-Plus Trial: Role of Body Mass Index and Sex.
Anna Tresserra-RimbauSara Castro-BarqueroFacundo Vitelli-StorelliNerea Becerra-TomasZenaida Vázquez-RuizAndrés Díaz-LópezDolores CorellaOlga CastanerDora RomagueraJesús VioqueÁngel María Alonso-GómezJulia WärnbergJosé Alfredo Martínez HernándezJ LLuís Serra-MajemRamon EstruchFrancisco José TinahonesJosé LapetraXavier PintóJosep Antonio TurJosé López-MirandaLaura García-MolinaMiguel Delgado-RodríguezPilar Matía-MartínLidia Daimiel RuizMaría Rubín-GarcíaJosep VidalAlba GaldonEmilio RosFrancisco Javier Basterra-GortariNancy Elvira Babio SánchezJosé Vicente SorlíDolores CorellaJadwiga KoniecznaLeyre Notario-BarandiaranLucas Tojal-SierraJessica Pérez-LópezJosé Alfredo MartínezJacqueline Álvarez-PérezJosé Carlos Fernández-GarcíaJose Manuel Santos-LozanoAna Galera-CusíAlicia JulibertMiguel Ruiz-CanelaRaul Martinez-LacruzKarla-Alejandra Pérez-VegaAina María Galmes-PanadesConcepción Pastor-PoloAnai Moreno-RodriguezAlfredo GeaMontserrat FitóRosa Maria Lamuela-RaventósJordi Salas SalvadóPublished in: Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) (2019)
Overweight and obesity are important risk factors for type 2 diabetes (T2D). Moving towards healthier diets, namely, diets rich in bioactive compounds, could decrease the odds of suffering T2D. However, those individuals with high body mass index (BMI) may have altered absorption or metabolism of some nutrients and dietary components, including polyphenols. Therefore, we aimed to assess whether high intakes of some classes of polyphenols are associated with T2D in a population with metabolic syndrome and how these associations depend on BMI and sex. This baseline cross-sectional analysis includes 6633 participants from the PREDIMED-Plus trial. Polyphenol intakes were calculated from food frequency questionnaires (FFQ). Cox regression models with constant time at risk and robust variance estimators were used to estimate the prevalence ratios (PRs) for polyphenol intake and T2D prevalence using the lowest quartile as the reference group. Analyses were stratified by sex and BMI groups (overweight and obese) to evaluate potential effect modification. Catechins, proanthocyanidins, hydroxybenzoic acids, and lignans were inversely associated with T2D. Hydroxycinnamic acids were directly related in men. These associations were different depending on sex and BMI, that is, women and overweight obtained stronger inverse associations.
Keyphrases
- body mass index
- weight gain
- type diabetes
- metabolic syndrome
- weight loss
- cross sectional
- study protocol
- risk factors
- physical activity
- clinical trial
- insulin resistance
- cardiovascular disease
- phase iii
- phase ii
- randomized controlled trial
- adipose tissue
- skeletal muscle
- risk assessment
- pregnancy outcomes
- open label
- uric acid